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  In the last few years, populism has engulfed the globe, reshaping the political landscape in mature democracies as well as emerging nations.  In the United States and Europe, as well as in Latin America and Asia, populist movements and leaders have gained widespread support, typically challenging conventional political institutions, elites, and norms.  While populism is not novel, its widespread diffusion and popularity in the modern era are unprecedented in scale and extent. This report explores the rise of populism, its causes and character, and examines how it is transforming world politics altering policies, resetting political discourse, and repositioning international relations. Defining Populism: Populism is a political thought or tactic that contrasts itself as the voice of "the people" versus "the elites" or "the establishment."  Populist leaders like to characterize themselves as outsiders who criticize corrupt, distant elites, including politi...